After various rumors, the entire document – still in a draft with several cancellations – was published, via Twitter, by the online newspaper The Libya Observer. It is divided into seven points and it is the fruit of Turkish and Russian mediation. If until before the new advance of the self-proclaimed Libyan national army (Lna), loyal to Haftar, France is Italy played a role in trying to build a negotiating framework between the general and Sarraj, today European diplomacies have been undermined by Recep Tayyip Erdogan, as guarantor of the Gna, and from Vladimir Putin, as guarantor of Benghazi.
Draft Tripoli ceasefire agreement leaked pic.twitter.com/1TlXnixGAc
– The Libya Observer (@Lyobserver) January 13, 2020
Before the points of the agreement, the document specifies that the objectives of the negotiations are to maintain the borders and sovereignty of present-day Libya, avoid the military solution to resolve internal issues in the country and above all revive the belligerent’s commitment to combat the trafficking in human beings (written in bold) and the international terrorism.
In the first three points, the document provides for the declaration of a cease-fire from midnight on 12 January, the restoration of a normal situation for i civilians from Tripoli and entry into the city of humanitarian convoys. The document is committed to restoring normal living conditions for civilians in the capital, one of the cities where the consequences of the Haftar offensive have been more dramatic. To confirm the relaxation, January 12, the day scheduled for the start of the truce, Nasser Ammar, head of the Special Military Operations Room Support Force – Tripoli (Sft), an armed group in support of Fayez al-Sarraj, told the Turkish agency Anadolou who were demobilizing the Russian mercenaries of the Wagner group, engaged in the front line in Tripoli alongside Benghazi, following the negotiations. Estimate the presence of at least 500 people, along with a thousand others Janjaweed, a controversial armed group repeatedly used by the former president Omar al-Bashir to suppress protests in Sudan (always pro-Haftar). On the one hand, there seem to be conditions for easing the tension, on the other, the announcement of the Chamber of Deputies of Tobruk to ask for Egyptian armed intervention in support of Haftar.
The fourth point, still in red in the draft, is one of those on which the negotiation is more intense. “Designate the members of the Military Commission (5 + 5) as required by the action plan of theUnsmil (the UN mission in Libya, ed) in order to: establish the border line between the sides; monitor the progress of the ceasefire; ensure the stability of the ceasefire “. It is a difficult point because it is the decisive one to understand how long the truce can last.
The format of the negotiations conducted so far by the parties has been more streamlined, with solo Russia is Turkey involved (the “2 + 2” format, a figure that indicates the parties active in the negotiations for each front), while instead in this case it would be called into question Ghassan Salame, UN representative in Libya, who is inevitably a party, given his support for Sarraj. It is one of the reasons why Haftar took time.
The fifth, sixth and seventh points provide for the establishment of mixed working groups to work on keeping peace agreements in meetings to be held in a place that has not yet been foreseen in the draft. Moscow was initially indicated, a name later deleted from the draft.
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